Balanced equations and associated calculations

AT a, d, e, f and k

PS 4.1

Students could be asked to find:

• the concentration of ethanoic acid in vinegar

• the mass of calcium carbonate in an indigestion tablet

• the Mᵣ of MHCO₃

• the Mᵣ of succinic acid

• the mass of aspirin in an aspirin tablet

• the yield for the conversion of magnesium to magnesium oxide

• the Mᵣ of a hydrated salt (eg magnesium sulfate) by heating to constant mass.

AT a and k

Students could be asked to find the percentage conversion of a Group 2 carbonate to its oxide by heat.

AT d, e, f and k

Students could be asked to determine the number of moles of water of crystallisation in a hydrated salt by titration.

MS 0.2

Students construct and/or balance equations using ratios.

Students calculate percentage yields and atom economies of reactions.

MS 1.2 and 1.3

Students select appropriate titration data (ie identify outliers) in order to calculate mean titres.

Students determine uncertainty when two burette readings are used to calculate a titre value.

Required practical 1

Make up a volumetric solution and carry out a simple acid–base titration.