Molecular kinetic theory model (A-level only)

A simple algebraic approach involving conservation of momentum is required.

Appreciation that for an ideal gas internal energy is kinetic energy of the atoms.

Use of $\mathit{average\ molecular\ kinetic\ energy} = \frac{1}{2}m(c_{\mathrm{rms}})^2 = \frac{3}{2}kT = \frac{3RT}{2N_A}$

Appreciation of how knowledge and understanding of the behaviour of a gas has changed over time.