Biology (Separate Science) · GCSE · AQA · AQA GCSE Biology - Higher Tier - (8461) · Specification point · 4.2.2.6 · Organisation · Animal tissues, organs and organ systems
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4.2.2.6 The effect of lifestyle on some non-communicable diseases
| Content | Key opportunities for skills development |
|---|---|
Students should be able to: • discuss the human and financial cost of these non-communicable diseases to an individual, a local community, a nation or globally • explain the effect of lifestyle factors including diet, alcohol and smoking on the incidence of non-communicable diseases at local, national and global levels. | WS 1.4 |
Risk factors are linked to an increased rate of a disease. They can be: • aspects of a person’s lifestyle • substances in the person’s body or environment. A causal mechanism has been proven for some risk factors, but not in others. • The effects of diet, smoking and exercise on cardiovascular disease. • Obesity as a risk factor for Type 2 diabetes. • The effect of alcohol on the liver and brain function. • The effect of smoking on lung disease and lung cancer. • The effects of smoking and alcohol on unborn babies. • Carcinogens, including ionising radiation, as risk factors in cancer. Many diseases are caused by the interaction of a number of factors. | WS 1.5 Interpret data about risk factors for specified diseases. |
Students should be able to understand the principles of sampling as applied to scientific data in terms of risk factors.
MS 2d |
Students should be able to translate information between graphical and numerical forms; and extract and interpret information from charts, graphs and tables in terms of risk factors. | MS 2c, 4a |
Students should be able to use a scatter diagram to identify a correlation between two variables in terms of risk factors. | MS 2g |