Equilibria (C5.3) | OCR GCSE Chemistry A (Gateway Science) — Higher (J248) | KnowledgeSet

Equilibria

Chemistry (Separate Science) · GCSE · OCR · OCR GCSE Chemistry A (Gateway Science) — Higher (J248) · Specification point · C5.3 · Monitoring and controlling chemical reactions

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Learning Objectives

C5.3 Equilibria

Summary In a reaction, when the rate of the forward reaction equals the rate of the backwards reaction, the reaction in a closed system is said to be in equilibrium. Underlying knowledge and understanding Learners will be familiar with representing chemical reactions using formulae and using equations. Common misconceptions Learners often do not recognise that when a dynamic equilibrium is set up in a reaction the concentration of the reactants and products remain constant. They think that the concentrations of all substances are equal. Learners also sometimes perceive a dynamic equilibrium as two reactions.

Reference	Mathematical learning outcomes	Mathematical skills
$CM5.3i$	$arithmetic computation, ratio when measuring rates of reaction$	$M1a, M1c$
$CM5.3ii$	$drawing and interpreting appropriate graphs from data to determine rate of reaction$

Learning outcomes	To include	Maths	Working scientifically
$C5.3a recall that some reactions may be reversed by altering the reaction conditions$		$M1a, M4b, M4c$
$C5.3b recall that dynamic equilibrium occurs in a closed system when the rates of forward and reverse reactions are equal$		$M4b, M4c$
$C5.3c predict the effect of changing reaction conditions on equilibrium position and suggest appropriate conditions to produce as much of a particular product as possible$	$Le Chatelier’s principle concerning concentration, temperature and pressure$	$M1a, M4d, M4e, M1c$	$WS1.2a, WS1.2b, WS1.2c, WS1.4c, WS2a, WS2b$