Chemistry · IGCSE · Cambridge · Cambridge IGCSE (9–1) Chemistry 0971 (Extended) (2026–2028) · Specification point · 7.1 · Acids, bases and salts
7.1 The characteristic properties of acids and bases
| Core | Supplement |
|---|---|
1 Describe the characteristic properties of acids in terms of their reactions with: (a) metals (b) bases (c) carbonates | |
2 Describe acids in terms of their effect on: (a) litmus (b) thymolphthalein (c) methyl orange | |
3 State that bases are oxides or hydroxides of metals and that alkalis are soluble bases | |
4 Describe the characteristic properties of bases in terms of their reactions with: (a) acids (b) ammonium salts | |
5 Describe alkalis in terms of their effect on: (a) litmus (b) thymolphthalein (c) methyl orange |
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6 State that aqueous solutions of acids contain H⁺ ions and aqueous solutions of alkalis contain OH⁻ ions |
7 Describe how to compare hydrogen ion concentration, neutrality, relative acidity and relative alkalinity in terms of colour and pH using universal indicator paper |
8 Describe the neutralisation reaction between an acid and an alkali to produce water, H⁺(aq) + OH⁻(aq) → H₂O(l) |
9 Define acids as proton donors and bases as proton acceptors |
10 Define a strong acid as an acid that is completely dissociated in aqueous solution and a weak acid as an acid that is partially dissociated in aqueous solution |
11 State that hydrochloric acid is a strong acid, as shown by the symbol equation, HCl(aq) → H⁺(aq) + Cl⁻(aq) |
12 State that ethanoic acid is a weak acid, as shown by the symbol equation, CH₃COOH(aq) ⇌ H⁺(aq) + CH₃COO⁻(aq) |