General properties of waves

1 Know that waves transfer energy without transferring matter

2 Describe what is meant by wave motion as illustrated by vibrations in ropes and springs, and by experiments using water waves

3 Describe the features of a wave in terms of wavefront, wavelength, frequency, crest (peak), trough, amplitude and wave speed

4 Recall and use the equation for wave speed

$$v = f\lambda$$

5 Know that for a transverse wave, the direction of vibration is at right angles to the direction of propagation and understand that electromagnetic radiation, water waves and seismic S-waves (secondary) can be modelled as transverse

6 Know that for a longitudinal wave, the direction of vibration is parallel to the direction of propagation and understand that sound waves and seismic P-waves (primary) can be modelled as longitudinal

7 Describe how waves can undergo: