What processes produce radioactive waste in a nuclear reactor?
Fission in fuel and the activation or contamination of reactor materials.
AQA A-level Physics (7408) · 3.8.1.8
Revise AQA A-level Physics (7408) specification point 3.8.1.8, Safety aspects (A-level only), with free active-recall flashcards. Flip through the set or review every question and answer below.
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What processes produce radioactive waste in a nuclear reactor?
Fission in fuel and the activation or contamination of reactor materials.
What two properties vary between radioactive wastes?
Their activity and the time they remain hazardous.
Why must spent nuclear fuel be managed after removal from a reactor?
It is highly radioactive.
Why is radioactive waste handled remotely when it is moved or processed?
To limit direct exposure.
What roles do containment and shielding play in radioactive waste storage?
Containment reduces the escape of radioactive material; shielding reduces exposure to its radiation.
What three factors must radioactive waste storage arrangements account for?
Continued radioactive decay, heat produced by some waste, and the time the material remains hazardous.
What electricity-generation benefit can nuclear power provide?
It can generate substantial amounts of reliable electricity.
What is the carbon dioxide emissions benefit of nuclear power during operation?
It has low direct carbon dioxide emissions during operation.
What are three risks associated with nuclear power?
Radiation exposure, accidents, and the need to manage radioactive waste over potentially long timescales.
What should a balanced assessment of nuclear power consider?
The likelihood of harmful events and the severity of their consequences, alongside the benefits of electricity generation.
What is the limitation of safety measures in nuclear power?
They can reduce risk, but do not eliminate it entirely.